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Bhadohi Rugs

Bhadohi is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is home to the largest hand-knotted carpet weaving industry hub in South Asia. The city is 45 km west of Varanasi and 82 km east of Allahabad.
The Uttar Pradesh province kept its position as the Indian biggest carpet center with some interruptions like the one occurred after the separation of Pakistan which led to immigration of Muslim weavers from Agra. Indians, however, managed to renovate the industry and thanks to Bhadohi today the province is the biggest weaving center of India again.
The main business in Bhadohi is carpet manufacturing. The Indian Institute of Carpet Technology, the only institute of its kind in Asia, was established by Ministry of Textiles, Government of India in 2001. It has been recognized by All India Council for Technical Education and is affiliated with Joint Seat Allocation Authority (JOSAA).The institute offers a Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) in Carpet and Textile Technology (CTT). The syllabus of the programs covers both practical as well as theoretical understanding of the process of dyeing, textile fibers, carpet washing, and other industrial techniques.

Technical aspects and the structure of Bhadohi Rugs

Bhadohi is one of the major modern rug production centers of India. Bhadohi rugs are woven with woolen piles on a cotton foundation. Knots are asymmetric (Persian). Rugs’ densities in Bhadohi are between 30 and 225 knots per square inch. They have in Bhadohi their own method of counting knots which a complicated one.

Dyeing and painting of Bhadohi Rugs

Here, various coloring used for similar designs. Either ivory, red, beige or dark blue may serve as dominant color on Bhadohi palette. A combination of camel (or yellow) and red is popular in the area. The patterns are mostly done without dark outlines. The secondary palette may include light blue and light green as well orange and yellow. Acid-washed pieces could be found.

Designs and patterns of Bhadohi Rugs

Bhadohi designs are typically copies of Persian models with floral motifs. Isfahan and Kashan’s medallion designs, for instance, are very popular. Generally such designs are rendered with less details than the originals. Unlike Persian designs, here the patterns are done without outlines. This may lead to a more naturalistic feature. Coping popular Persian designs have a long tradition in Uttar Pradesh. The province used to be a major center for carpet weaving since the Mughal Era. The Mughal emperors were deeply under the Persian cultural influence. They used to buy not only Persian royal carpets but also Iranian master-weavers and designers.
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